USAMHI
RefBranch
Aug 1993
ENEMY PRISONERS IN THE UNITED STATES, WWII
A Selected Bibliography of MHI Sources
Contents
General/Miscellaneous....................p.1
Specific States..........................p.3
Indiv Camps/Prisoners....................p.5
Italian POWs.............................p.7
Japanese POWs............................p.8
NOTE: According to US Army Service Forces, Statistical Review
(cited below), these enemy POWs arrived in USA during WWII:
German - 378,156
Italian - 41,456
Japanese - 5,424
Total - 425,036
GENERAL/MISCELLANEOUS
Arndt, Karl R. "Microfilm Guide and index to the Library of Congress
Collection of German Prisoners of War Camp Papers Published in
the United States of North America from 1943 to 1946."
Worchester, MA, 1965. 63 p. Z6207W8A85, Ref.
Bayne-Jones, Stanhope. "Enemy Prisoners of War." Chap VI of
Preventive Medicine in World War II. Wash, DC: Office, Surg
Gen, Dept of Army, 1969. pp. 342-418. D807U6A54v9.
See pp. 411-17.
Gaertner, George. Hitler's Last Soldier in America. NY: Stein
& Day, 1985. 184 p. D805U6G34.
Gansberg, Judith M. Stalag: U.S.A. NY: Crowell, 1977. 234 p.
D805U6G36.
Enemy POWs, USA p.2
Howton, James R. "A Study of the Use of Axis Prisoners of War in
the United States During World War II." Masters thesis, Ohio
State Univ, 1948. 177 p. D805U5H68.
POW labor as planned part of wartime economy and work force.
Krammer, Arnold. "American Treatment of German Generals During
World War II." Jrnl Mil Hist 54 (Jan 1990): pp. 27-46.
They fared well in USA.
_________. "German Prisoners of War in the United States." Mil
Affairs 40 (Apr 1976): pp. 68-73. Per.
_________. "Hitler's Legions in America." Amer Hist Illus 18
(Jun 1983): pp. 54-64. Per.
_________. Nazi Prisoners of War in America. NY: Stein & Day,
1979. 338 p. D805U6K7.
Standard history on subject.
Kruse, Arthur M. "Custody of Prisoners of War in the United States."
Mil Engr (Feb 1946): pp. 70-74. Per.
Lewis, George G., and Mewha, John. History of Prisoner of War
Utilization by the United States Army, 1776-1945. Dept of Army,
Pamphlet 20-213, Jun 1955. 278 p. Pams.
See Chaps 6-12.
Marshall, Jim. "Behind the Barbed Wire." Collier's (10 Jul 1943):
pp. 43-54. MiscFiles: POW.
Explains procedures and treatment of enemy POWs.
Ruchti, James R. Papers. Arch.
Instructor in democracy to POWs.
Speakman, Cummins E., Jr. "Re-education of German Prisoners of War
in the United States During World War II." Master's thesis,
Univ of VA, 1948. 129 p. D805U6S66.
Spidle, Jake W. "Axis Prisoners of War in the United States, 1942-
1946: A Bibliographical Essay." Mil Affairs 39 (Apr 1975):
pp. 61-66. Per.
Incls list of most (?) facilities.
U.S. Army Service Forces. Annual Report, Fiscal Year 1945. Wash,
DC, 1945. pp. 275-279. UC263A37.
And earlier reports, 1941-1944.
Enemy POWs, USA p.3
_________. "Conference of Commanding Generals of Service Commands,
Dallas, Texas, 17-19 February 1944." pp. 96-123.
D76975A5174th.
Discussions on POWs.
_________. "Prisoner of War Camps, by Location and Principal Types
of Work." List, 1 Jun 1945. 17 p. D805U6P74.
Arranged by state & incls number of POWs at site.
_________. Control Division. Statistical Review, World War II.
Wash, DC, 1946. pp. 158-161. D769.75A52 RefColl.
Monthly totals of Germ, Ital & Jap prisoners, plus other
data.
_________. Office of Provost Marshal General. "Put Prisoners on
Well Planned Work: 1944 Regional Conference, Prisoner of War
Commanders." Report of proceedings, Wash, DC, 1944. ca 200 p.
D805U6R43.
_________. Office of the Provost Marshal General. World War II:
A Brief History. Report, Wash, DC, 15 Jan 1946. 712 p.
D769.77A5.
See Pt III (pp. 375-590).
U.S. Army War College. Course materials coll, 1903-1945. Arch.
Incls various docs on POW labor (File #117-11); Feb 1943
station list showing camps (File #52-125); and Dec 1942
Services of Supply org manual (File #52-125). Also see
course materials index.
U.S. Dept of Army. Adj Gen's Off. Unit and installation hist
data files. On Microfilm.
See Reel #3 of Set No 1 and Reel #79 of Set No 2.
_________. Station List of the Army of the United States
(Continental United States Only). Serial. BiogRm.
Main and branch POW camps identified by installations within
each service command. Data incl location and assigned US
units. Issues of Sep, Nov, Dec 1945 and Feb, Mar, Sep 1946.
SPECIFIC STATES
Blossom, Barbara. "Pennsylvania and WWII." Pennsylvania (Feb 1992):
pp. 21-27. MiscFile: WWII-Home Front.
Enemy POWs, USA p.4
Fickle, James E., and Ellis, Donald W. "POWs in the Piney Woods:
German Prisoners of War in the Southern Lumber Industry, 1943-
1945." Jrnl of So Hist 56 ((Nov 1990): pp. 695-724. Per.
Hoole, W. Stanley. "Alabama's World War II Prisoner of War Camps."
Alabama Rev 20 (Apr 1967): pp. 83-114. MiscFiles: POW.
Keen. "Captive Enemy," cited below.
Kramer, Arnold. "When the Afrika Korps Came to Texas."
Southwest Hist Qtrly 80 (Jan 1977): pp. 247-82. Per.
Moore, John H. "Hitler's African Corps...in New England." Yankee
40 (Jun 1976): pp. 82-89 & 116. MiscFiles: POW.
_________. "Hitler's Wehrmacht in Virginia, 1943-1946." VA Mag
Hist and Biog 85 (Jul 1977): pp. 259-73. Per.
Paschal, Allen W. "The Enemy in Colorado: German Prisoners of War,
1943-1946." Colorado Mag 56 (Sum/Fall 1979): pp. 119-42. Per.
Powell, Allan K. Splinters of a Nation: German Prisoners of War
in Utah. Salt Lake City: Utah UP, 1989. 325 p. D805U6P68.
Pritchett, Merrill R., & Shea, William L. "Axis Prisoner-of-War
Camps in Arkansas." Jrnl of West 18 (Apr 1979): pp. 30-34.
Per.
Tissing, Robert W. "Stalag - Texas, 1943-1945." Mil Hist Texas
& Southwest 13 (Fall 1976): pp. 24-34. Per.
U.S. Army Center of Mil Hist. "World War II Prisoner of War Camps
in Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas, Compiled from Monthly
Lists of the Provost Marshal General..." Handwritten lists
covering Jul 44(?) to May 1946. 12 p. MiscFile: POW.
Lists camps in the 3 states and gives prisoner populations of
each. Separate data for Ger, Ital & Jap.
Walker, Richard P. "The Swastika and the Lone Star: Nazi Activity
in Texas POW Camps." Mil Hist Texas & Southwest 19 (Spg 1989):
pp. 39-70. Per.
Wall, Forrest B. "German Prisoner of War Camps in Virginia During
World War Two." PhD dss, Carnegie-Mellon U, 1987. 245 p.
D805U6W34.
Enemy POWs, USA p.5
INDIVIDUAL CAMPS/PRISONERS
Carvolth, Joseph R. Misc papers. Arch.
Commanded Hereford POW Camp, TX. Incls letters by Italian
POWs and intell reports on refractory prisoners. See also
detached material in Forts Coll:
1 folder - Reclassification Center, Dallas, TX: incls
info on Mexia POW camps.
1 folder - POW Camp, Ft Bliss & Albuquerque: incls
investigative reports on the death and injuries of
5 German POW's, who were policing dud artillery
shells, Mar 1946.
2 folders - POW Camp, Mexia, TX: incls 7-pg doc concerning Nazi officer
harassment of Lts.Springer and Fezer in several U.S. POW camps; 6-pg alert plan,
in case of fire or prisoner escape; several transcripts of camp conferences between
Carvolth & German spokesman.
2 folders - POW Camp, Lordsburg, NM
6 folders - POW Camp, Hereford, TX: official and
unofficial correspondence and docs, etc.
Clark, Lloyd. "Faustball Tunnel: An American Saga Wrought by
Germans." Periodical 10 (Wntr 1978-1979): pp. 48-54. Per.
Fort Knox Prison Camp. Docs of Ger POWs at Ft Knox, KY. Arch.
Incls camp newspaper Die Saat, essays, drawings, and a
Christmas album.
Fort Sheridan POW Camp Coll. Repro docs in binder. Forts-Sheridan.
Gaertner, George. Hitler's Last Soldier in America. NY: Stein
& Day, 1985. 184 p. D805U6G34.
German P.O.W. Camp Newspapers, 1943-1946. Microfilm coll of more
than 80 newspapers published in US camps and held by Library of
Congress. 15 reels. Micro.
NOTE: DerRuf, a prestigious literary POW newspaper, is on
separate reel stored with the 15-reel coll. See John R.
Arndt's index cited above. Each reel contains index up
front.
Harvey, Natalie A. "Pine Grove, Prisoner of War Camp." Student
paper, Carlisle Senior High School, 21 Nov 1977. 13 p.
MiscFile: POW.
Enemy POWs, USA p.6
Herman, Bill. "German Ex-POWs' Return Stirs Memories of 'Stalag'
Pranksters." Army 34 (Sep 1984): pp. 14-15. Per.
Reminiscences of Ft Campbell, KY, as POW camp.
Hoole, W. Stanley, ed. And Still We Conquer!: The Diary of a Nazi
Unteroffizier in the German Africa Corps Who was Captured...and
Imprisoned at Camp Shelby, Mississippi. Univ, AL: Confed Pubs,
1968. 52 p. D805U6A53.
Horner, Helmut. A German Odyssey: The Journal of a German Prisoner
of War. Golden, CO: Fulcrum, 1991. 394 p. D805A2H6713.
Captured by US forces in France, Aug 1944, and in 5 USA camps
until 1946.
Koop, Allen V. Stark Decency: German Prisoners of War in a New
England Village. Hanover, NH: UP of New Eng, 1988. 136 p.
D805U6K66.
Manninen, Barbara. "Prisoner of War Labor in the U.S. During World
War II, Emphasis: Camp Sidnaw." Term paper, Michigan Tech,
1976. 21 p. MiscFiles: POWs.
Moore, John Hammond. The Faustball Tunnel: German POWs in American
and Their Great Escape. NY: Random House, 1978. 268 p.
D805U6M6.
Escape of 25 POWs from Papago Park, AZ, Dec 1944.
_________. "The Fort Hunt Saga: Guns, Bonus Marchers, U-Boats,
and Picnics." Northern Virginia Heritage II (Feb 1980): pp. 3-
6 & 20. MiscFiles: POW.
Pabel, Rheinhold. Enemies are Human. Phila: Winston, 1955. 248 p.
D805U5P32.
Memoirs of Ger prisoner at Camp Grant, IL (then Camp
Washington) from where he escaped until 1953.
Parnell, Wilma. The Killing of Corporal Kunze. Secaucus, NJ:
Stuart, 1981. D805U6P37.
Murder of Ger POW at Tonkawa, OK.
Peterson, Edward N. The Many Faces of Defeat: The German People's
Experience in 1945. NY: Lang, 1990. 369 p. D757P48.
Views & anecdotes of ordinary folks. See pp. 25ff.
Enemy POWs, USA p.7
U.S. Dept of Army. Adj Gen's Off. Unit and installation hist
data files. On microfilm. MF.
See Reel #3 of Set No 1 and Reel #79 of Set No 2.
_________. Station List of the Army of the United States
(Continental United States Only). Serial. BiogRm.
Incl main and branch POW camps in alphabetical listing of
installation within appropriate service command. Data incls
location and assigned US units. See issues of Sep, Nov, Dec
1945 and Feb, Mar, Sep 1946.
ITALIAN POWs
Berto, Giuseppe. The Sky is Red. Trans by Angus Davidson.
Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1971 reprint. 397 p. PZ3B4713Sk.
Novel about life in wartime Italy, written by Italian POW in
Hereford, TX camp.
Blanton, Arthur. Papers. 3 bxs. Arch.
Covers his service 1925-57, incl official correspondence re
323d Italian POW QMBn, Ohio, 1944-45 and Korean armistice
talks, 1953-54.
Carvolth Papers, cited above.
Fox, Stephen. The Unknown Internment: An Oral History of the
Relocation of Italian Americans during World War II. Boston:
Twayne, 1990. 223 p. D769.8A6F69.
Feb-Jun 1942 expulsion of Italian & Ger aliens from Calif mil
areas. See index.
Keefer, Louis. "Enemies Turned Allies: Italian POWs in Ohio."
Timeline (MarApr 1993): pp.47-54. Misc: POW-InUSA.
_________. Italian Prisoners of War in America, 1942-1946. NY:
Praeger, 1992. 195 p. D805U6K438.
Keen, James R. "The Captive Enemy? Italian Prisoners of War in
Texas during World War II." Masters thesis, Univ of TX of
Permian Basin, 1988. 363 p. D805U6K44.
Enemy POWs, USA p.8
Moore, John H. "Italian POWs in America: War is Not Always Hell."
Prologue 8 (Fall 1976): pp. 140-51. MiscFile: POW.
Williams, Donald M. Interlude in Umbarger: Italian POWs and a
Texas Church. Lubbock, TX: TX Tech UP, 1992. 191 p.
D805U6W55.
JAPANESE POWs
According to the Lewis and Mehwa study below, only 569 Japanese
prisoners of war were interned in this country during the war.
However, the Army Service Forces' Statistical Review clearly shows
that 5,424 Japanese prisoners had arrived here by August 1945. Dr.
Krammer's research corroborates the higher figure: See:
Lewis, George G., and Mewha, John. History of Prisoners of War
Utilization by the United States Army, 1776-1945. Dept of Army
Pamphlet 20-213, Jun 1955. pp. 148 & 150. Pams.
U.S. Army Service Forces. Statistical Review, World War II:
A Summary of ASF Activities. n.d. pp. 158-59. RefColl.
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